Amagama angukhiye e-athikili: I-Aluminium Sulfate, I-Ferrous Sulfate, I-Polyaluminum Chloride (PAC), I-Polyacrylamide (PAM)
I-aluminium sulfate iyinhlanganisela evamile ye-inorganic enefomula yamakhemikhali i-Al₂(SO₄)₃, isisindo sama-molecule esingu-342.15, kanye nokubonakala kwekristalu emhlophe. Njenge-ejenti yamakhemikhali ebalulekile emkhakheni wokwelashwa kwamanzi, umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko usekukhiqizeni izinhlayiya ze-colloidal ngokusebenzisa ukusabela kwe-hydrolysis; lezi zinhlayiya zimunca futhi zibangele izinto eziqinile ezimisiwe, ama-colloid, kanye nokungcola okuthile okuncibilikisiwe okukhona emanzini, ngaleyo ndlela kufezwe ukuhlanzwa kwamanzi. Izimo zokusetshenziswa kwayo zihlanganisa izinkambu ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukwelashwa kwamanzi okuphuza, ukwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile ezimbonini, ukulungiswa kwama-ejenti okulinganisa i-rosin embonini yokwenza amaphepha, kanye nokususwa kombala we-petroleum.
I. Izimiso Zobuchwepheshe kanye Nemisebenzi Eyinhloko:
Uma i-aluminium sulfate incibilika emanzini, ama-ion e-aluminium (Al³⁺) ahlangana nama-molecule amanzi ukuze akhe ama-ion e-aluminium anamanzi, abese edlula i-hydrolysis eyengeziwe ukuze akhiqize ama-colloid e-aluminium hydroxide. Izindawo zala ma-colloid zineshaja enhle, ezivumela ukuthi zinciphise ama-charge amabi ezinhlayiyeni ezilenga emanzini. Lokhu kuncibilika kuphazamisa ukuzinza kwezinhlayiya, kukhuthaze ukuhlangana kwazo zibe ama-floc amakhulu (ama-clumps), agcina ehlukaniswe nge-sedimentation noma i-filtration. Le nqubo yonke yaziwa ngokuthi "i-coagulation-sedimentation" futhi yakha isinyathelo esibalulekile ekuphathweni kwamanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-aluminium sulfate ingasabela nama-ion athile ensimbi esindayo akhona emanzini (njengensimbi ne-manganese) ukuze akhe ama-precipitates angancibiliki, ngaleyo ndlela isize ekususweni kokungcola okuncibilikisiwe.
I-Aojin Chemical inikeza imikhiqizo eminingi yokwelapha amanzi ethengiswayo, okuhlanganisa i-aluminium sulfate, i-ferrous sulfate,I-Polyaluminum Chloride (i-PAC), futhi I-Polyacrylamide (i-PAM)Amakhasimende akhuthazwa ukuba akhethe imikhiqizo ngokwezidingo zawo ezithile. Samukela noma ubani odinga imikhiqizo yokuhlanza amanzi ukuba axhumane ne-Aojin Chemical!
II. Izimo Zokusebenza Nokucatshangelwa Kokusebenza:
Ekuphathweni kwamanzi okuphuza, i-aluminium sulfate ivame ukusetshenziswa kanye nezinsiza ze-coagulant—njenge-activated carbon noma i-polyacrylamide—ukususa ngempumelelo i-turbidity, i-algae, kanye nezinto eziphilayo. Ekuphathweni kwamanzi amdaka ezimbonini, umthamo we-aluminium sulfate kumele ulungiswe ngokusekelwe enanini le-pH yamanzi: ngaphansi kwezimo ze-acidic, i-hydrolysis yama-ion e-aluminium iqhubeka kahle; noma kunjalo, umthamo owedlulele ungabangela amazinga e-aluminium asele emanzini angcolile aphathwe ngendlela edlula imikhawulo yokulawula. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ezindaweni ze-alkaline, kuyadingeka ukwengeza izinto ezilungisa i-pH (njenge-lime) ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kwe-flocculation. Embonini yokwenza amaphepha, i-aluminium sulfate isebenza njenge-ejenti yokulinganisa ubukhulu be-rosin; isabela nama-rosin acids ukuze yakhe insipho ye-aluminium enganyibiliki, ngaleyo ndlela ithuthukise ukumelana namanzi ephepha. Emkhakheni wokuguqulwa kombala we-petroleum, izakhiwo zokudonsa zenhlanganisela zisetshenziselwa ukususa izinsini nama-asphaltenes emikhiqizweni kawoyela. III. Izinzuzo Zobuchwepheshe Nokusebenza Okusebenzayo:
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinto ezifaka amanzi (ezifana nosawoti wensimbi), i-aluminium sulfate inezici ezilandelayo: Okokuqala, i-colloidal aluminium hydroxide ekhiqizwa ngesikhathi se-hydrolysis inosayizi ofanayo wezinhlayiya kanye nokusebenza kahle kwe-flocculation ephezulu, ngaleyo ndlela inciphise umthamo odingekayo we-chemical agent. Okwesibili, iyasebenza ebangeni le-pH elibanzi (5.5–8.5), isusa isidingo sokulungiswa okubanzi kwe-acidity noma i-alkalinity yamanzi. Okwesithathu, ama-ion e-aluminium asele angasuswa kabanzi ngezinqubo zokwelashwa ezilandelayo (njengokuhlunga isihlabathi noma ukumuncwa kwe-carbon okwenziwa), ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe ingozi yokungcola kwesibili. Idatha yokuhlola ikhombisa ukuthi lapho welapha amanzi omfula anomswakama ophezulu, umthamo we-aluminium sulfate ongu-30–50 mg/L ungafinyelela izinga lokususa umswakama elingaphezu kuka-90%, okuqinisekisa ukuthi ukungcola okulashwe kuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuhlanzeka zamanzi okuphuza asekhaya.
IV. Iziqondiso Zokuphepha Nokugcina:
Kubalulekile ukugwema ukugcina ndawonye nezisekelo eziqinile noma ama-oxidizing agents aqinile ukuze kuvinjelwe ukusabela okubangelwa ukushisa. Indawo yokugcina kumele igcinwe yomile futhi igcinwe ekushiseni okungaphansi kwama-50°C ukuze kuvinjelwe umkhiqizo ukuthi ungamunci umswakama futhi ubambeke. Ngesikhathi sokuphatha, amagilavu okuvikela kanye nezibuko zokuphepha kufanele zigqokwe ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuhogela uthuli noma ukuthintana nesikhumba. Uma kwenzeka ukuthintana namehlo ngengozi, hlanza ngokushesha ngamanzi ahlanzekile amaningi bese ucela usizo lwezokwelapha. Ngesikhathi sokuthuthwa, kumele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuvikela umkhiqizo emswakama nasekulimaleni ngokomzimba, kuqinisekiswe ubuqotho bephakheji.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-25-2026
